使用R语言进行主成分和因子分析

一、数据描述

数据来源2013年各地区水泥制造业规模以上企业的各主要经济指标，原始数据来源于2014年（《中国水泥统计年鉴》），试对用主成分和因子进行经济效益评价。

地区,企业个数（亿元）,流动资产合计（亿元）,资产总额（亿元）,负债总额（亿元）,主营业务收入（亿元）,利润总额（亿元）,销售利润率（%）

北京,8,17.6,43.8,17.8,26.6,-1.4,-5.2

天津,24,43.8,91.7,33.7,35.9,1.5,4.1

河北,231,281.4,993.8,647,565.1,22.7,4

山西,113,103.4,317.4,238.5,124,-2.1,-1.7

内蒙古,116,135.9,384.4,256.8,245.8,11.9,4.8

辽宁,151,151.4,417.6,247.9,350.3,23,6.6

吉林,69,333.7,627.7,415.2,539.8,25.4,4.7

黑龙江,96,142.1,331.6,234.7,183.2,13.5,7.4

上海,14,21.5,28.3,12.6,31.6,1.2,4

江苏,254,300.3,680,435.7,713.3,62.6,8.8

浙江,192,259.8,561.9,300.1,473.9,42.1,8.9

安徽,169,217.2,591.9,305.2,518.8,64.9,12.5

福建,111,93.2,276.4,163.9,284.8,11.2,3.9

江西,138,143.8,398.1,208.4,400.3,47.5,11.9

山东,295,351.8,792.7,412.5,878.3,80.3,9.1

河南,238,388.5,804.2,475.2,673.7,58.3,8.7

湖北,151,193,619.7,360.7,570.5,49.1,8.6

湖南,220,86.4,398.8,212.3,434.1,33.6,7.7

广东,204,217,592.1,345.3,474.3,40.5,8.5

广西,148,116,387.2,178.7,344,49.6,14.4

海南,15,53.1,102.1,52.9,80.7,5.6,6.9

重庆,78,158.3,419.8,294.1,185.1,8.4,4.5

四川,196,218.2,739.1,433.3,465.2,37.1,8

贵州,133,91.5,367.5,244.2,224.7,28.2,12.6

云南,149,134.2,434.7,290.2,251,11.3,4.5

西藏,10,11.3,26.5,5.4,17.4,4.1,23.7

陕西,116,82.2,312.6,203.8,253.2,14.4,5.7

甘肃,68,61.8,213.2,126.8,124.3,13.3,10.7

青海,20,39.5,152.7,123.1,44.4,3,6.7

宁夏,27,36.1,90.1,49.2,45.1,3.4,7.4

新疆,86,220.6,602.7,353.4,136.1,1.5,1.1

二、读入数据

df