snow是什么意思?
词形转换是初中英语学习的重点、难点之一，也是全国中考的必考题型。许多同学在该题型中失分较多。通过解析近几年的中考真题，本文将为大家总结这种题型的解题思路。
考点直击
综观近几年中考英语词形转换题，我们发现还是有规律可寻的。词形转换，其考核点可以分成几大类：第一，名词的各类转换。第二，代词的各类转换。第三，形容词的各类转换。第四，数词的各类转换。
一、名词的各类转换
当所给词为名词时，应注意名词的复数形式、名词所有格形式、名词转换为形容词、名词转换为动词等。
1.名词的复数形式
Don’t be afraid of making. They help you learn.（mistake）（2014年54题）
根据空格后一句的They可判断这里应该填入mistake的复数形式mistakes。
The prices of many usually go up during festivals. （flower）（2013年59题）
根据空格前的many不难判断这里应该填入flower的复数形式flowers。
2.名词转换为形容词
The company hopes its new product will be on theEuropean market.（success）（2013年62题）
根据句子意思可判断这里应该填入形容词“成功的”，故successful为正确答案。
I liked to walk in fields on days and to see myfootprints left behind. （snow）（2012年61题）
根据空格后的days可判断这里应该填入形容词“下雪的”，故snowy为正确答案。
3.名词转换为动词
To improve your writing skills, you’d better a habit ofreading. （development）（2012年65题）
根据空格前had better可判断这里应该填入动词原形，故develop为正确答案。
4.表示事物和人的名词转换
The great gave his first show in Shanghai and thetickets sold out in minutes. （art）（2010年64题）
根据句意可判断这里应该填入名词“艺术家”，故artist为正确答案。
二、代词的各类转换
当所给词为代词时，应注意代词本身的变化。如人称代词的主宾格转化、物主代词的名词性与形容词性的转化、人称代词与物主代词的相互转化、人称代词与反身代词的转化等。
1.人称代词与物主代词
I plan to enter for a summer camp with a friend of （me）（2014年56题）
根据句子意思“我的一个朋友”，可判断这里应该填入名词性物主代词，故mine为正确答案。
Whose school uniform is that on the chair, yours or ？（my）（2011年59题）
根据句子意思可判断这里应该填入名词性物主代词和yours对应，故mine为正确答案。
2.反身代词
I could hardly believe she had made a video aboutwater pollution by .（her）（2013年61题）
根据句子意思“很难相信她自己做了一个关于水污染的视频”，可判断这里应该填入反身代词，故herself为正确答案。
三、形容词的各类转换
当所给词为形容词时，应注意其三级的变化，还应注意形容词与其副词的转换、形容词与名词的转换、形容词与动词的转换、形容词的反义词等。
1.形容词的反义词
Larry has put on too much weight because of his diet.（healthy）（2013年63题）
根据句子意思可判断这里应该填入表示“不健康”的形容词，故unhealthy为正确答案。
Don’t tell lies. Nobody likes those people. （honest）
（2012年66题）
根据句子意思可判断这里应该填入表示“不诚实”的形容词，故dishonest为正确答案。
2.形容词转换为名词
The soldier saved the boy from the flood with a pieceof . （wooden）（2014年58题）
根据空格前a piece of可判断这里应该填入名词，故wood为正确答案。
3.形容词转换为副词
The boy moved into the hall as the concert had alreadybegun. （quiet）（2014年58题）
根据空格前的moved和空格后的into可判断这里应该填入副词，故quietly为正确答案。
The news about education has attracted the publicattention .（recent）（2012年63题）
根据句子意思可判断这里应该填入表示“最近”的副词，故recently为正确答案。
4.形容词转换为动词
It is not wise of young people to their jobs from time to time. （changeable）（2013年66题）
根据句意可判断这里应该填入表示“改变”的动词，故change为正确答案。
四、数词的各类转换
当所给词为数词时，应注意基数词与序数词的相互转换、数词与副词的相互转换等。
The medicine should be taken a day after meals, George. （two）（2014年55题）
根据句子意思可判断这里应该填入表示“两次”的副词，故twice为正确答案。
This is the time for our school to hold the robot-makingcontest. （six）（2013年60题）
根据句子意思可判断这里应该填入表示“第六”的序数词，故sixth为正确答案。
The students took the PISA test in subjects —reading, maths and science. （third）（2012年59题）
根据句子意思可判断这里应该填入表示“三”的基数词，故three为正确答案。
规律梳理
了解英语派生词的规律，对解答词形转换题很有帮助。派生即由一个词干加前缀或后缀构成一个新的词。加前缀一般改变词义，加后缀一般改变词性。
一、前缀
1.以下前缀可构成反义词：
un-：healthy，usual，happy
dis-：honest，appear，like
im-：possible
in-：dependent
2.其他前缀：
re-（再次，重新）：build，tell，turn，view
inter-（之间）：national，net
tele-（距离远的）：phone
二、后缀
1.名词后缀
（1）动词+er，or，ress，（t）ion，ation，（s）ion，ment，ce，ing变成名词：
-er：manage，own，record，report，teach，wait，win，work，write
-or：visit，act，invent
-ress：wait，act
-（t）ion：invent，pollute，attract，suggest，collect，locate，operate，protect，solve，add
-ation：invite，organize
-（s）ion：discuss，decide
-ment：develop，amuse，advertise
-ce：enter
-ing：meet，paint，say，begin，build
（2）名词+ist，er变成表示人的名词：
-ist: science，art，tour
-er：farm，engine，law
（3）形容词+ness，ty，ity，th，ce，dom变为名词：
-ness：kind，ill
-ty：safe，difficult，honest
-ity：electric，national，active
-th：true，long
-dom：free
2.动词后缀
名词+ize变成动词：
-ize: memory
3.形容词后缀
（1）名词+ed，ful，y，ly，ive，al，en，（i）an变成形容词：
-ed：age，wound
-ful：power，use，success，wonder，care
-y：rain，snow，cloud，wind，sun，luck，noise，health，fog
-ly：love，friend
-ive：act
-al：education，office，nation，nature，person，tradition
-cal: history，chemistry，medicine
-en：gold，wood
-（i）an：Australia，Canada，Italy，America
-less: home，care，help
（2）动词+ful, able, ive 变成形容词：
-ful：forget，help，thank
-able：avail，enjoy，change
-ive：attract
（3）动词+ed，ing 变成形容词：
-ed: please，interest，excite
-ing: interest，surprise
4.副词后缀
形容词+y, ly 变成副词：
-y：gentle，possible
-ly：angry，careful，clear，complete，heavy，lucky，loud，main，recent，serious，wide，true，quick，safe，quiet，usual，real
英语写作中使用率最高的句式
1．表示原因
1）There are three reasons for this．
2）The reasons for this are as follows．
3）The reason for this is obvious．
4）The reason for this is not far to seek．
5）The reason for this is that...
6）We have good reason to believe that...
例如：
There are three reasons for the changes that have taken place in our life．Firstly，people’s living standard has been greatly improved．Secondly，most people are well paid，and they can afford what they need or like．Last but not least，more and more people prefer to enjoy modern life．
注：如考生写第一个句子没有把握，可将其改写成两个句子。如：Great changes have taken place in our life． There are three reasons for this．这样写可以避免套用中的表达失误。
2．表示好处
1）It has the following advantages．
2）It does us a lot of good．
3）It benefits us quite a lot．
4）It is beneficial to us．
5）It is of great benefit to us．
例如：
Books are like friends．They can help us know the world better，and they can open our minds and widen our horizons．Therefore，reading extensively is of great benefit to us．
3．表示坏处
1）It has more disadvantages than advantages．
2）It does us much harm．
3）It is harmful to us．
例如：
However，everything divides into two．Television can also be harmful to us．It can do harm to our health and make us lazy if we spend too much time watching television．
4．表示重要、必要、困难、方便、可能
1）It is important（necessary，difficult，convenient， possible）for sb．to do sth．
2）We think it necessary to do sth．
3）It plays an important role in our life．
例如：
Computers are now being used everywhere，whether in the government，in schools or in business．Soon，computers will be found in every home，too．We have good reason to say that computers are playing an increasingly important role in our life and we have stepped into the Computer Age．
5．表示措施
1）We should take some effectivemeasures．
2）We should try our best to overcome（conquer）the difficulties．
3）We should do our utmost in doing sth．
4）We should solve the problems that we are confronted（faced）with．
例如：
The housing problem that we are confronted with isbecoming more and more serious．Therefore，we must take some effective measures to solve it．
6．表示变化
1）Some changes have taken place in the past five years．
2）A great change will certainly be produced in the world’s communications．
3）The computer has brought about many changes in education．
例如：
Some changes have taken place in people’s diet in the past five years．The major reasons for these changes are not far to seek．Nowadays，more and more people are switching from grain to meat for protein，and from fruit and vegetable to milk for vitamins．
7．表示事实、现状
1）We cannot ignore the fact that...
2）No one can deny the fact that...
3）There is no denying the fact that...
4）This is a phenomenon that many people are interested in．
5）However，that’s not the case．
例如：
We cannot ignore the fact that industrialization brings with it the problems of pollution．To solve these problems， we can start by educating the public about the hazards of pollution．The government on its part should also design stricter laws to promote a cleaner environment．
8．表示比较
1）Compared with A，B...
2）I prefer to read rather than watch TV．
3）There is a striking contrast between them．
例如：
Compared with cars，bicycles have several advantagesbesides being affordable．Firstly，they do not consume natural resources of petroleum．Secondly，they do not cause the pollution problem．Last but not least，they contribute to people’s health by giving them due physical exercise．
9．表示数量
1）It has increased（decreased）from...to...
2）The population in this city has now increased （decreased）to 800，000．
3）The output of July in this factory increased by 15％ compared with that of January．
例如：
With the improvement of the living standard，the proportion of people’s income spent on food has decreased while that spent on education has increased．
再如：
From the graph listed above，it can be seen that student use of computers has increased from an average of less than two hours per week in 1990 to 20 hours in 2000．
10．表示看法
1）People have（take，adopt，assume）different attitudes towards sth．
2）People have different opinions on this problem．
3）People take different views of（on）the question．
4）Some people believe that...Others argue that...
例如：
People have different attitudes towards failure．Some believe that failure leads to success．
Every failure they experience translates into a greater chance of success at their renewed endeavor．However， others are easily discouraged by failures and put themselves into the category of losers．
再如：
Do lucky numbers really bring good luck？Different people have different views on it．
注：一个段落有时很适宜以问句开始，考生应掌握这一写作方法。
11．表示结论
1）In short，it can be said that ...
2）It may be briefly summed up as follows．
3）From what has been mentioned above，we can come to the conclusion that ...
例如：
From what has been mentioned above，we can come to the conclusion that examination is necessary，however， its method should be improved．
注：例句1可用于任何一个段落的结论句；例句3则多用文章结论段的第一句。
12．套语
1）It’s well known to us that ...
2）As is known to us，...
3）This is a topic that is being widely talked about．
4）From the graph（table，chart）listed above，it can be seen that ...
5）As a proverb says，“Where there is a will，there is a way．
例如：
As is well known to us，it is important for the students to know the world outside campus．
The reason for this is obvious．Nowadays，the society is changing and developing rapidly，and the campus is no longer an “ivory towerAs college students，we must get in touch with the world outside the campus．Only in this way can we adapt ourselves to the society quickly after we graduate．
再如：
Does it pay to be honest？This is a topic that is being widely talked about and different people have different opinions on it．
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